It‘s important to understand what microphones do and how they work when capturing audio. Each type and model comes with its own set of features and characteristics that can be used to your advantage when recording a subject. In this audio recording tutorial, we’re going over pencil condenser microphones. So let’s jump in and start breaking this tool down.
Pencil Condenser Microphones
A pencil condenser can be just what’s needed when a shotgun microphone or lavaliere microphone won’t work. It’s simple to use and doesn’t cost a fortune.
What Is a Pencil Condenser Microphone?
The term pencil mic or pencil condenser is usually used to describe a class of small diaphragm condenser microphones that are used for acoustic instruments, such as acoustic guitars, drum overheads, and small percussion, and they all share the same general shape. They’re all relatively short in comparison to a big shotgun microphone, and they’re cylindrical and quite narrow.
Advantages of Pencil Condenser Microphones
So why are pencil condenser microphones useful for video production? Well, two main reasons: they are small, and their polar pattern is wider than a standard shotgun microphone. This means they can be used indoors when a shotgun microphone may present a problem.
As you learned earlier, a shotgun microphone will often have a pickup sensitivity in the rear of the microphone, and in some situations it can create a really weird phasing effect, where you have the sound arriving at the microphone from the sound source in the front of the microphone, and then you have the same sound being reflected from the ceiling or the walls that gets picked up from the rear of the microphone. This can be problematic because those two sounds will arrive at different times, and this can cause phase cancellation, which sounds weird.
Also, shotgun mics are large. If you are in an interior and you have a shotgun that is a foot or longer, getting it up high enough if you have people standing can be problematic. That’s where these smaller pencil condenser microphones can come in handy.
How to Use Pencil Condenser Microphones
They are basically used the same way you would use a shotgun microphone. Most often they are put on some sort of boom with a shock mount, and you’d boom them over the talent and point them in the general direction of their mouth. Because these types of microphones have a wider pattern, you have a little bit of wiggle room regarding where the person is positioned. You don’t always have to have it focused right on the person’s mouth. If it’s pointed in the general direction and it’s close, you can get great results.
Because of the size of these microphones, you won’t see them labelled as a shotgun pattern. But you will find them in cardioid, super cardioid, and hyper cardioid. The super and hyper can be great for getting that tight directionality on the microphone, while still giving you a wider pickup pattern compared to a shotgun mic.
One of the great things about these pencil condensers is that you can find really high-quality microphones with great performance fairly inexpensively. That’s not to say all pencil condensers are inexpensive, but you can get great ones for not much money. For example, you can find microphones like the Samson C02 pencil condenser, and you can get a pair of microphones for around US$100, and the performance of these mics is pretty good.
Shotgun Mics vs. Pencil Condenser Microphones
One advantage of a pencil condenser over a shotgun mic is that because it’s so small, you can easily move it about 8 inches closer and get a better signal to noise ratio. The signal will be closer to the source, which means more sound from the subject is being delivered to the microphone with less room noise interfering.
It’s important to remember that this is a cardioid pattern, and if you were trying to record two people with a single mic, you’d be much better off using this instead of a shotgun mic. This is because with a shotgun mic, when you go off axis from its pattern, you start to lose a lot of high-frequency information. Super and hyper cardioid pencil condensers are close to a shotgun’s directionality, though still not as narrow. So you do have a lot of options.
What’s really nice is that these are super affordable. Would two shotgun mics be better? Probably. Would two lavaliere mics be better? Yes, probably. But if you only had one microphone to use, this pencil condenser microphone would probably be the one you would want to go with.
Wrapping Up
The pencil condenser microphone is a great little tool to have in your arsenal, and it sounds fantastic. Coming up in our next audio recording tutorial, you’ll learn about the last microphone that’s really useful for video production, and that is hand-held microphones.
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